ExceptionQ

ExceptionQ[expr]
ExceptionQ[expr, tag]
ExceptionQ[expr, {tag1, tag2, ...}]

tests whether expr is a valid Exception object. A second argument additionally tests whether its type is the specified tag or one of its subtypes.

Examples

exception = Exception["DataConsistencyError", 42];

ExceptionQ[exception]
ExceptionQ[exception, "DataConsistencyError"]

For a list of tags, matching any one tag is sufficient.

See the official Wolfram Language reference for subtype matching behavior.